Investopedia contributors come from a range of backgrounds, and over 25 years there have been thousands of expert writers and editors who have contributed. Robert Kelly is managing director of XTS ...

Utility functions measure consumer preferences and satisfaction with goods or services. They help analyze consumer decisions to maximize satisfaction in rational choice theory. Economists and ...

Consumer surplus is the amount exceeding an equilibrium price the consumer is willing to pay. The equilibrium price is an idealized price, in which the demand for the good equals its supply. If the ...