High-speed analog-to-digital converters (ADCs) and digital-to-analog converters (DACs) typically are characterized using continuous wave (CW) signals. There are several reasons for this practice: 1) ...

A signal generator, a general-purpose piece of test equipment, performs numerous measurements for a variety of applications requiring electromagnetic wave signals as stimuli. Its roots trace back to ...

Amateur radio license exams typically have a question about the bandwidths taken up by various modulation types. The concept behind the question is pretty obvious — as guardians of the spectrum, ...

The average textbook definition of modulation reads: modulation is a process in which the frequency, phase or amplitude of a carrier wave varies in step with the instantaneous value of the modulating ...

This is the fourth in a series of articles about FM transmission systems. The bandwidth of a commercial FM broadcast signal, depending on whether or not subcarriers are used, is about 260 kHz. This ...

Direct modulation of a laser 1 has always been used in optical telecommunications. Although distance–capacity product capabilities using this approach have been limited, it represents a very ...

A candidate for modernized GNSS civil signals in the L1/E1 band was BOC(1,1), a binary-offset-carrier signal with a “split spectrum” that has negligible impact on the existing GPS signals. However, a ...

SignalVu software has now been implemented on the DPO70000SX platform. This is the same signal analysis engine used in Tektronix RSA5000 and RSA6000 Series real-time spectrum analyzers. When used with ...