Identify the independent (manipulated) and dependent (responding) variables in a scientific investigation. Draw conclusions about the relationship between two variables using quantitative data.

Strong base is added to three different buffers and water and the effect on pH is observed.

A well-established technique, acid-base titration is an analytical method used to determine the concentration of an unknown acid or base. In practice, it involves adding a solution of known strength ...

Dawson, H. M., and Spivey, E., J. Chem. Soc., 2180 (1930). Bell, R. P., and Jones, P., J. Chem. Soc., 88 (1953). Swain, C. G., Di Milo, A. J., and Cordner, J. P., J ...